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1 North Atlantic Treaty
Military: NATУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty
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2 North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)Portugal joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 1949, as a founding member. Besides complementing the Atlantic orientation of Portugal's foreign and defense policies, this membership also supported the country's close relationship with two leading members of NATO, Great Britain and the United States. Portugal's slight contribution to NATO in the first decades after joining was conditioned mainly by the fact that Portugal's primary concern was in defending its colonial empire, Portuguese India (1954-61) and in conducting several colonial wars in its African empire in Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea- Bissau (1961-74). One contentious question during this phase of Portugal's membership was the extent to which Portugal used NATO-issued equipment to fight those wars in Africa and Asia, since several of these colonial territories were neither on the Atlantic nor in NATO's jurisdiction (Mozambique and Portuguese India).The perceived strategic value of Portugal's key Atlantic archipelagos, the Azores and Madeiras, constituted Portugal's primary contribution to NATO and neutralized any U.S. ambivalence about the question of Portugal's NATO membership. The usefulness of Azores' air and naval bases, especially Lajes base at Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira Island, Azores, along with bases in continental Portugal and in the Madeira Islands, trumped international criticism of Portugal's colonial action and influenced American policy toward Portugal. This remained the situation until after the Yom Kippur war, an Arab-Israeli conflict, in October 1973, when Portugal, despite the risks to her energy supplies, gave the United States permission to use Azores bases for resupplying Israel.The Revolution of 25 April 1974 had an impact on Portugal's relationship to NATO. Leftist forces in Portugal were now in command, and Portuguese NATO delegates did not attend highly sensitive NATO defense briefings. But by 1980, after moderate military forces had ousted the radical leftists, Portugal's NATO roles returned to the routing. One of NATO's major subordinate commands became IBERLANT (Iberian Atlantic Command), under SACLANT (Supreme Commander Atlantic), located at Norfolk, Virginia. IBERLANT is located at Oeiras, Portugal and, in 1982, the IBERLAND commander for the first time was a Portuguese Vice Admiral. That same year, Spain joined NATO and, until 1986, when Spain decided not to join NATO's integrated military structure, Portugal was anxious that Portuguese commanders not be subordinate to Spanish commanders in NATO. As a key leader of IBERLANT, along with the representative units of Great Britain and the United States, Portugal's forces remain responsible for surveillance and patrolling of the area from central Portugal to the straits of Gibraltar.Portugal has made symbolic if modest contributions to NATO's mission in the Balkan conflicts beginning in the late 1990s and in Afghanistan since 2001. Among Portugal's contributions has been the service of medical units in Afghanistan.Historical dictionary of Portugal > North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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3 North Atlantic Treaty - Regional Planning Group
Military: NAT-RPGУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty - Regional Planning Group
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4 North Atlantic Treaty Alliance
Military: NATAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty Alliance
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5 North Atlantic Treaty Council
Military: NATCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty Council
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6 North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Military: NATOУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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7 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Systems Agency
Abbreviation: NACISAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Systems Agency
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8 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Communications and Information Systems Agency
Abbreviation: (NATO) NACISAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > North Atlantic Treaty Organization Communications and Information Systems Agency
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9 American Council on North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Abbreviation: ACN (Американский совет сторонников НАТО)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > American Council on North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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10 Північноатлантична угода
Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > Північноатлантична угода
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11 nato
• north atlantic treaty -
12 pohjoisatlantin liitto
• north atlantic treaty -
13 Azores Islands
Atlantic archipelago of nine islands: Terceira, São Miguel, Santa Maria, Corvo, Graciosa, São Jorge, Faial, Pico, and Flores. This autonomous region of Portugal is 9,365 square kilometers (5,821 square miles) in area. First settled in the 1420s by Portuguese and Flemish colonists, the economy of the archipelago passed through various phases. The Azores' main crops in four phases were, in the 15th and 16th centuries, wheat and sugar; in the 17th century, woods; in the 18th and 19th centuries, oranges; and in the 20th century, cattle, dairy products, tobacco, and pineapples.Their location some 1,448 kilometers (900 miles) west of Portugal and over 1,769 kilometers (1,100 miles) from the eastern coast of the United States, and on major sea and trade routes, influenced the islands' development. Major themes of their history are isolation, North American influence, neglect by Portugal, and emigration to North America. As of the 19th century, large numbers of Azoreans immigrated to the United States. By the last quarter of the 20th century, statistics suggested, more people of Azorean descent lived in North America than inhabited the still sparely settled islands. Since World War I, when the U.S. Navy maintained a base at Ponta Delgada, São Miguel island, the Azores' society and economy have been influenced by foreign military base activity. In World War II (1943), British forces used an air base (Lajes) on Terceira island, under an agreement with Portugal, and thereafter the United States made a similar arrangement at Santa Maria. From 1951 on, the U.S. administered an air base at Lajes, Terceira, under North Atlantic Treaty Organization auspices. With that, American assistance and military base funds have played an important role in the archipelago's still largely unindustrialized economy.Since the 1960s, several Azorean independence movements have emerged, as well as other groups that advocate that the islands become part of the United States. Such movements have been encouraged by the islands' isolation, a troubled economy, and the fact that Portugal has never made developing the islands a major priority. After the fall of the dictatorship in 1974, the democratic Portugal organized new efforts to assist the Azores and, in the 1976 Constitution, the Azores were declared an autonomous region of Portugal with greater rights of self-government and management. In the 1990s, emigration from the Azores to both the United States and Canada continued, although not at the pace of earlier periods. At the same time, hundreds of thousands of overseas Portuguese from the Azores Islands resided in the eastern United States, California, and Canada. -
14 североатлантический
Новый большой русско-английский словарь > североатлантический
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15 Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte
• North American Division• North Atlantic Treaty Organization• North CarolinaDiccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte
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16 הברית הצפון-אטלנטית
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO -
17 Організація Північноатлантичної угоди
Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > Організація Північноатлантичної угоди
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18 severoatlantski pakt
• north atlantic treaty organisa -
19 Организация Североатлантического договора
Новый русско-английский словарь > Организация Североатлантического договора
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20 организация североатлантического договора
Русско-английский словарь по экономии > организация североатлантического договора
См. также в других словарях:
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization — NATO * * * North Atlantic Treaty Organization [nɔːθ ət læntɪk triːtɪ ɔːgənaɪ zeɪʃn, englisch], die NATO … Universal-Lexikon